Research Advances in the Immunoregulation of NLRs

MA Ruixian^1,2,3, LI Xiangrong^1,2, FENG Ruofei^1,2*

(¹Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; ²Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; ³College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China)

Abstract:

NLRs (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like receptors) play a unique regulatory role in the innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Its members not only act as adapters to mediate the NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway and type I IFN signaling pathway, but also act as regulators to interact with key moleculars in the signaling pathways. Then, they regulate the cellular immune response through apoptosis and autophagy to maintain the homeostasis of host cells. In recent years, the roles of NLRs in the immune defense and tumorigenesis have attracted much attention. In this paper, the regulatory roles of NLRs in the process of anti-infective immunity and tumor immunity are briefly discussed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of diseases and cancers caused by pathogenic microorganisms.