Advances in Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Based on SNCA Gene

Parkinson’s disease is one of the common neurodegenerative diseases that threaten human health. Its main pathological features are the formation of midbrain nigra Lewy bodies and the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and the main component of Lewy bodies is α-synuclein. It has been confirmed that the SNCA gene encoding α-synuclein is one of the key pathogenic genes of Parkinson’s disease. The mutation of SNCA can cause the overexpression of α-synuclein, which in turn leads to the formation of Lewy bodies, leading to Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, SNCA gene can be considered as an effective target for the precise treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Based on the role and mechanism of SNCA gene in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, this paper discusses the specific pathway and process of SNCA gene and α-syn in the occurrence and progressive deterioration of Parkinson’s disease. The current treatment methods based on SNCA gene and α-syn regulation are summarized from the aspects of reducing the expression level of α-syn, inhibiting the formation of α-syn aggregates, promoting the degradation of α-syn aggregates, inhibiting and blocking the spread of α-syn aggregates, so as to provide reference for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Parkinson’s disease.